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%Filename: smplea.tex
\documentstyle[revtex,eqsecnum]{aps}
\def\btt#1{{\tt$\backslash$#1}}
\begin{document}
\draft
\begin{title}
Title of manuscript:\\
Force line breaks with \verb+\\+
\end{title}
\author{A. A.  Author and B. B. Author\\
Lines break automatically or can be forced
with $\backslash\backslash$}
\begin{instit}
Authors' institution and/or address\\
This line break forced with $\backslash\backslash$
\end{instit}
\author{C. C. Author}
\begin{instit}
Second author institution and/or address\\
This line break forced with $\backslash\backslash$
\end{instit}
\receipt{1 January 1989}
\begin{abstract}
The author will not know the received date when the compuscript
is first submitted; production will insert this. Every
article includes an abstract.  The abstract is a concise
summary of the work covered at length
in the main body of the article.
It is used for secondary publications and for information retrieval
purposes. Valid PACS numbers should be entered after the abstract
is finished, using the \btt{pacs} command.
\end{abstract}
\pacs{Valid PACS appear here.
{\tt$\backslash$\string pacs\{\}} should always be input,
even if empty.}
\narrowtext
 
\section{First-level heading:\\ The line break was forced via
$\backslash\backslash$}
\label{sec:level1}
 
Here is the first sentence in Sec.\ \ref{sec:level1}, demonstrating
section cross-referencing. Note that this sample file was run
with the eqsecnum option selected.
 
\subsection{Second-level heading:\\ The line break was forced via
$\backslash\backslash$}
\label{sec:level2}
 
Here is the first sentence in Sec.\ \ref{sec:level2}, demonstrating
section cross-referencing.
The command \btt{narrowtext}
will make the text this width. The command \btt{widetext}
will make the text the width of the full page, as on page 3.
A blank input line tells \TeX\ that a new paragraph begins.
 
Reference citations in text use the command \btt{cite}.
In the reference section of this paper
each reference is ``tagged'' by a string (in curly brackets).
The proper form for citing in text is
\btt{cite}$\{${\it string}$\}$,
and the result is shown here \cite{smith82,jones78}.
We will cite  other people \cite{smith82,jonessmith80}
and journals here. We also cite other people again (Refs.\
\cite{smith82} and \cite{jonessmith80}).
It is worth mentioning that {\it REVTEX\/} ``collapses'' lists
of reference numbers where possible.  We now cite
everyone together \cite{smith82,jones78,jonessmith80}, and once again
(Refs.\ \cite{smith82,jones78,jonessmith80}).
 
 
\section{Displayed equations}
\subsection{Another second-level heading}
\subsubsection{Third-level heading:\\ The line break was forced via
$\backslash\backslash$}
\label{sec:level3}
 
Here is the first sentence in Sec.\ \ref{sec:level3}, demonstrating
section cross-referencing.
In \LaTeX\ there are many different ways to display equations, and a
few preferred ways are noted below.
 
{\it a. Fourth-level heading: Single-line equations.}
Below we have indented, single-line equations with numbers; this is
the most common type of equation in {\it Physical Review}:
\begin{equation}
\chi_+(p)\alt{\bf [}2|{\bf p}|(|{\bf p}|+p_z){\bf ]}^{-1/2}
\left(
\begin{array}{c}
|{\bf p}|+p_z\\
px+ip_y
\end{array}\right)\;,
\end{equation}
\begin{equation}
\left\{\openone234567890abc123\alpha\beta\gamma\delta%
1234556\alpha\beta{1\sum^{a}_{b}\over A^2}\right\}\label{one},
\end{equation}
Note the open one in Eq.\ (\ref{one}).
If the equation is a little wider, the equation number automatically
moves down to the next line:
\begin{equation}
\left\{abc1234567890abc1234\alpha\beta\gamma\delta%
1234556\alpha\beta{1\sum^{a}_{b}\over A^2}\right\}.
\end{equation}
 
When the \btt{label} command is used [cf. input
for Eq. (\ref{one})],
the equation can be referred to in text without your knowing the
equation number that \TeX\ will assign to it.
 
Math will indent 18.4 pt by default; not all equations will fit
within a narrow column this way. Sometimes an equation will fit
on one line when it is set flush-left with the margin.
\btt{FL} is the command to
set the math flush left:
\FL
\begin{equation}
\left\{ab12345678abc123456abcdef\alpha\beta\gamma\delta%
1234556\alpha\beta{1\sum^{a}_{b}\over A^2}\right\},
\end{equation}
\FL
\begin{equation}
\epsilon^\ast_\mu(p)\to c(V)D_V
\sum_\tau c^f_\tau \bar u(f)P_\tau
\gamma_\mu v( \bar f)\;
[\epsilon_jl_i\epsilon_i]_{\sigma_1}\chi_{\sigma_1}(p_1)\;.
\end{equation}
Use \btt{FL} before every equation
that you do not want indented. If you do not use \btt{FL}, equations
will automatically indent.
 
The command \verb+\FR+ is also available, and sets equations
flush right.
 
 
If you have a single-line equation that you don't want
numbered, you can use the \btt{[}, \btt{]} format:
\[g^+g^+ \rightarrow g^+g^+g^+g^+ \dots ~,~~q^+q^+\rightarrow
q^+g^+g^+ \dots ~. \]
 
\subsubsection{Multiline equations}
 
Multiline equations are obtained by using the
\btt{begin$\{$eqnarray$\}$}, \btt{end$\{$eqnarray$\}$} format.
Use the \btt{nonumber}
command at the end of each line where you do not want a number:
\begin{eqnarray}
{\cal M}=&&ig_Z^2(4E_1E_2)^{1/2}(l_i^2)^{-1}
\delta_{\sigma_1,-\sigma_2}
(g_{\sigma_2}^e)^2\chi_{-\sigma_2}(p_2)\nonumber\\
&&\times
[\epsilon_jl_i\epsilon_i]_{\sigma_1}\chi_{\sigma_1}(p_1),
\end{eqnarray}
\begin{eqnarray}
\sum \vert M^{\rm viol}_g \vert ^2&=&g^{2n-4}_S(Q^2)~N^{n-2}
        (N^2-1)\nonumber \\
 & &\times \left( \sum_{i<j}\right)
  \sum_{\rm perm}
 {1 \over S_{12}}
 {1 \over S_{12}}\sum_\tau c^f_\tau~.
\end{eqnarray}
If you wish to set a multiline equation without any line numbers,
you can use the \verb+\begin{eqnarray*}+,
\verb+\end{eqnarray*}+ format:
\begin{eqnarray*}
\sum \vert M^{\rm viol}_g \vert ^2&=&g^{2n-4}_S(Q^2)~N^{n-2}
        (N^2-1)\\
 & &\times \left( \sum_{i<j}\right)
 \left( \sum_{\rm perm}
 {1 \over S_{12}S_{23}S_{n1}}\right)
 {1 \over S_{12}}~.
\end{eqnarray*}
To obtain numbers not normally produced by the automatic numbering,
use the \verb+\eqnum{#1}+ command, where \verb+#1+ is the desired
equation number. For example, to get an equation number of
(\ref{eq:mynum}),
\begin{equation}
g^+g^+ \rightarrow g^+g^+g^+g^+ \dots ~,~~q^+q^+\rightarrow
q^+g^+g^+ \dots ~. \eqnum{2.7$'$}\label{eq:mynum}
\end{equation}
 
{\it A few notes on} \verb=\eqnum=.
The \verb+\eqnum+ must come before the \verb+\label+, if any.
The numbering set with \verb+\eqnum+ is {\it transparent} to the
automatic numbering in {\it REVTEX}; therefore,
you must know the number ahead of time, and {\it must\/} make
sure that the number set with \verb+\eqnum+ stays in step
with the automatic numbering.
\verb+\eqnum+ works with both single-line and multiline equations.
You could, if you wished, do all the numbering in a paper
manually with \verb+\eqnum+.
 
Enclosing single-line and multiline equations in
\verb+\begin{mathletters}+ and \verb+\end{mathletters}+ will produce
a set of equations that are ``numbered'' with letters, as shown
in Eqs.\ (\ref{mlett:1}) and (\ref{mlett:2}) below:
\begin{mathletters}
\begin{equation}
\left\{abc123456abcdef\alpha\beta\gamma\delta%
1234556\alpha\beta{1\sum^{a}_{b}\over A^2}\right\},\label{mlett:1}
\end{equation}
\begin{eqnarray}
{\cal M}=&&ig_Z^2(4E_1E_2)^{1/2}(l_i^2)^{-1}
(g_{\sigma_2}^e)^2\chi_{-\sigma_2}(p_2)\nonumber\\
&&\times
[\epsilon_i]_{\sigma_1}\chi_{\sigma_1}(p_1).\label{mlett:2}
\end{eqnarray}
\end{mathletters}
 
\subsubsection{Wide equations}
The equation that follows is set in a wide format, i.e., it
spans across the full page.  The wide format is reserved for
long equations that cannot be easily broken into four lines or less:
\widetext
\begin{equation}
{\cal R}^{(\rm d)}=g^3\cos\theta_W\delta_{\sigma_1,-\sigma_2}
\left[ g_{\sigma_2}^e\left({[\Gamma^Z(3,21)]_{\sigma_1}\over
Q_{12}^2-M_W^2}+{[\Gamma^Z(13,2)]_{\sigma_1}\over Q_{13}^2-M_W^2}
\right) +x_WQ_e\left({[\Gamma^\gamma(3,21)]_{\sigma_1}\over
Q_{12}^2-M_W^2}+{[\Gamma^\gamma(13,2)]_{\sigma_1}
\over Q_{13}^2-M_W^2} \right)\right]\;.
\end{equation}
This is typed so you can see that the output
is in wide format.  (Since
there is no input line between \btt{end$\{$equation$\}$}
and this paragraph,
there is no paragraph indent for this paragraph.) We have
\begin{equation}
{\cal R}^{(f)}=-g^3\delta_{\sigma_1,\sigma_2}M^2_Zx^2_W
\left( {g^e_{\sigma_2}D_Z\over\cos\theta_W}-Q_eD_\gamma
\cos\theta_W \right)
\left( {[\epsilon_3]_{\sigma_1}\over
Q^2_{12}-M^2_W/\xi}\epsilon_1\cdot\epsilon_2+
{[\epsilon_2]_{\sigma_1}\over
Q^2_{13}-M^2_W/\xi}\epsilon_1\cdot\epsilon_3 \right)\;.
\end{equation}
\narrowtext
\section{Cross-referencing}
{\it REVTEX} will automatically number sections, equations,
figure captions, and tables. In order to
reference them in text, use the \btt{label} and \btt{ref}
commands.
 
The \btt{label} command appears following a section heading
or within a equation, figure
caption, or table; the \btt{ref} command appears in text
where citation is to occur.  We will refer to the first
figure (Fig.~\ref{autonum}) here.
We can refer to the ``late figure'' also (Fig.~\ref{latefigure}).
 
References to figures: Fig.~\ref{autonum}, Fig.~\ref{latefigure},
Fig.~\ref{reduced}, and Fig.~\ref{fig4}.
 
References to tables:
Table \ref{table1},
Table \ref{table2},
Table \ref{table3},
Table \ref{table4},
Table \ref{latetable},
Table \ref{table6};
{\it Physical Review}
style requires that the initial citation of figures or tables
be in numerical order in text, so don't cite Fig.~\ref{reduced}
until you've cited Fig.~\ref{latefigure}.
See {\it Style and Notation
Guide}.
 
 
\acknowledgments
 
We wish to acknowledge the tireless efforts of our
typesetters...
 
If a section does not have a number (like the Acknowledgments
section), use the command \btt{nonum}.
For the Acknowledgments section you can also use the command
\verb+\acknowledgments+ to produce the heading.
 
\appendix{Appendixes}
 
To start appendixes, you should use either the \verb+\appendix{#1}+
or the \verb+\unletteredappendix{#1}+ command. Use the latter if there
is only one appendix in a paper, and the former if there is
more than one. \verb+#1+ represents the heading of the appendix,
and can be left empty.
 
\appendix{A little more on appendixes}
 
Note the equation number in an appendix:
\begin{equation} E=mc^2, \end{equation}
 
\subsection{A subsection in an appendix}
\label{app:subsec}
 
You can use a subsection or subsubsection in an
appendix. Note the numbering: we are now in Appendix \ref{app:subsec}.
 
Note the equation numbers in this appendix, produced
with the mathletters environment:
\begin{mathletters}
\begin{equation} E=mc, \label{appa}\end{equation}
\begin{equation} E=mc^2, \label{appb}\end{equation}
\begin{equation} E\agt mc^3. \label{appc}\end{equation}
\end{mathletters}
They turn out to be Eqs.\ (\ref{appa}), (\ref{appb}),
and (\ref{appc}).
 
\begin{references}
\bibitem[*]{byline}  Also at Physics Department, XYZ University.
\bibitem{smith82}A. Smith  and B. Doe, J. Chem.\  Phys.\ {\bf
76}, 4056 (1982).
\bibitem{jones78}C. Jones, J. Chem.\ Phys. {\bf 68}, 5298 (1978).
\bibitem{jonessmith80}C. Jones and A. Smith,
J. Chem.\ Phys.\ {\bf 72,}
3416 (1980); {\bf 73,} 5168 (1980); {\bf72,} 4009 (1980).
\end{references}
\figure{A figure caption.  The figure captions are automatically
numbered.\label{autonum}}
 
\figure{The ``late figure.'' This figure was inserted when the paper
was finished.  Since the figures are automatically numbered,
no renumbering in text was necessary. All that
needed to be done was to type the caption in the
proper place and cite the figure in text.\label{latefigure}}
 
\figure{A figure caption. Figures will be reduced to an appropriate
size by  the production
staff upon receipt.\label{reduced}}
 
\figure{A figure caption.  The labels you give tables and figures
can be descriptive (as that of Fig.\ \ref{autonum}, which has
a  \btt{label}$\{${\tt autonum}$\}$) or they can
reflect their numerical
order, as that of this figure
(\btt{label}$\{${\tt fig4}$\}$).\label{fig4}}
 
 
\narrowtext
\begin{table}
\caption{This is a narrow table, which
occupies the width of a narrow
column. The table captions are automatically numbered.}
\begin{tabular}{lrl}
One&Two&Three\\
\tableline
one&two&three\\
one&two&three\\
\end{tabular}
\label{table1}
\end{table}
 
\mediumtext
\begin{table}
\setdec 0.000
\caption{A medium table.  Pseudopotential core radii fit to
the observed bulk modulus.  Also
given are the radius $r_0$ of the atomic volume and the
ratio $\kappa r_0$
of $r_0$ to the screening length.}
\begin{tabular}{cccccccc}
 &$r_c$ (\AA)&$r_0$ (\AA)&$\kappa r_0$&
 &$r_c$ (\AA) &$r_0$ (\AA)&$\kappa r_0$\\
\tableline
Cu&\dec 0.800 &\dec 1.410 &\dec 2.550 &Sn
&\dec 0.680 &\dec 1.870 &\dec 3.700 \\
Ag&\dec 0.990 &\dec 1.590 &\dec 2.710 &Pb
&\dec 0.450 &\dec 1.930 &\dec 3.760 \\
Au&\dec 1.150 &\dec 1.590 &\dec 2.710 &Ca
&\dec 0.750 &\dec 2.170 &\dec 3.560 \\
Mg&\dec 0.490 &\dec 1.760 &\dec 3.200 &Sr
&\dec 0.900 &\dec 2.370 &\dec 3.720 \\
Zn&\dec 0.300 &\dec 1.520 &\dec 2.970 &Li
&\dec 0.380 &\dec 1.730 &\dec 2.830 \\
Cd&\dec 0.530 &\dec 1.710 &\dec 3.160 &Na
&\dec 0.760 &\dec 2.110 &\dec 3.120 \\
Hg&\dec 0.550 &\dec 1.780 &\dec 3.220 &K
& \dec 1.120 &\dec 2.620 &\dec 3.480 \\
Al&\dec 0.230 &\dec 1.580 &\dec 3.240 &Rb
&\dec 1.330 &\dec 2.800 &\dec 3.590 \\
Ga&\dec 0.310 &\dec 1.670 &\dec 3.330 &Cs
&\dec 1.420 &\dec 3.030 &\dec 3.740 \\
In&\dec 0.460 &\dec 1.840 &\dec 3.500 &Ba
&\dec 0.960 &\dec 2.460 &\dec 3.780 \\
Tl&\dec 0.480 &\dec 1.890 &\dec 3.550 & & & & \\
\end{tabular}
\label{table2}
\end{table}
\bigskip
 
\widetext
\begin{table}
\caption{A wide table.  Two alternative occupations of special
positions
by KMnCL$_3$ ions in the two space groups $D_{4h}^1$ and $D_{4h}^1$.
  For a special value of the $x$ and $y$ parameters, a
set of special positions may
split into two sets of special positions of higher symmetry.}
\begin{tabular}{ccccc}
 &\multicolumn{2}{c}{$D_{4h}^1$}&\multicolumn{2}{c}{$D_{4h}^5$}\\
 Ion&1st alternative&2nd alternative&lst alternative
&2nd alternative\\ \tableline
 K&$(2e)+(2f)$&$(4i)^{\rm a}$&$(2c)+(2d)$&$(4f)^{\rm a}$\\
 Mn&$(2g)^{\rm a}$&$(a)+(b)+(c)+(d)$&$(4e)^{\rm a}$&$(2a)+(2b)$\\
 Cl&$(a)+(b)+(c)+(d)$&$(2g)^{\rm a}$+$(2h)^{\rm a}$&$(a)+(2b)$&$
(4e)^{\rm a}$\\
 He&$(8r)^{\rm a}$&$(4j)^{\rm a}$&$(4g)^{\rm a}$\\
 Ag& &$(4k)^{\rm a}$& &$(4h)^{\rm a}$\\
 \end{tabular}
 \label{table3}
 \tablenotes{$^{\rm a}$The $z$ parameter of these
 positions is $z\sim\case 1/4$.}
 \end{table}
\bigskip
 
\begin{table}
\setdec 00.00
\caption{Another wide table.  This shows decimal and implied-decimal
alignments. Predecimal zeros required according to style.}
\begin{tabular}{llccc}
One&Two&Three&Four&Five\\
\tableline
one&two&three&four&five\\
He&2&\dec 2.77234 &\dec 45672. &\dec 0.69 \\
C$^{\rm a}$&C$^{\rm b}$&\dec 12537.64 &\dec 37.66345 &\dec 86.37 \\
\end{tabular}
\label{table4}
\tablenotes{$^{\rm a}$Some tables require footnotes.}
\tablenotes{$^{\rm b}$Some tables need more than one footnote.}
\end{table}
 
\narrowtext
\begin{table}
\caption{A ``late table.''  This table was added after most of the
paper had been completed. Since the tables are
automatically numbered, no renumbering in text was necessary. This
table
was added to show the use of the @ specifier for lining things up. }
\begin{tabular}{r@{}lr@{}l@{$\pm$}r@{}l}
\multicolumn{2}{c}{Align by .}&
  \multicolumn{4}{c}{Multiple alignments}\\
\tableline
     23 & .890\,12      &          23 & .890\,12 &   0 & .002\\
12\,323 &               &    123\,223 &          & 344 &      \\
      0 & .834\,390\,12 &          80 & .80      &  45 & .3416\\
\end{tabular}
\label{latetable}
\tablenotes{$^{\rm a}$Here we cite Ref.\ \cite{jones78}.}
\end{table}
 
\mediumtext
\begin{table}
\setdec 0.00
\caption{The Poisson ratio defined as the ratio of lateral
contraction to longitudinal expansion for uniaxial stress.
 Experimental values are given for comparison.}
\begin{tabular}{lcclcc}
  &\multicolumn{2}{c}{$\sigma$}& &\multicolumn{2}{c}{$\sigma$}\\
 &Predicted&Observed$^{\rm a}$& &Predicted&Observed$^{\rm a}$\\
\tableline
Cu& \dec 0.48 &\dec 0.36 &Al&\dec 0.47 &\dec 0.33 \\
Ag& \dec 0.48 &\dec 0.37 &Tl&\dec 0.47 &\dec 0.35 \\
Au& \dec 0.48 &\dec 0.36 &Sn&\dec 0.46 &\dec 0.33 \\
Mg& \dec 0.47 &\dec 0.35 &Pb&\dec 0.46 &0.40--0.45 \\
Zn& \dec 0.47 &\dec 0.25 &Pb&\dec 0.49 &\dec 0.43 \\
 & & &K&\dec 0.49 &\dec 0.44 \\
\end{tabular}
\label{table6}
\tablenotes{$^{\rm a}$Here we also cite a reference
(Ref.\ \cite{jones78}).}
\end{table}
\end{document}
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